Application Fields Based ClassificationsĬomputer NIC card: Today, most new computers have the NIC built into the motherboard, so a separate LAN card is not needed. To know more about 25G NIC, you can read this post: 25G NIC - the Highly Effective Path Towards 100G Network. As for the 10Gb/ 25Gb NIC or even higher speed NIC cards, they are welcomed by the large enterprises or data centers. ![]() 1000Mbps NIC provides a higher bandwidth in the Gigabit network. 10Mbps, 100Mbps and 10/100Mbps adaptive NIC cards are suitable for small LAN, home uses or day-to-day offices. Transmission Speed Based Classificationsīased on different speeds, there are 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 10/100Mbps adaptive card, 1000Mbps, 10GbE, 25G or even higher speed network cards on the market. RJ-45 port is used to connect with twisted pair cable (like Cat5 and Cat6), AUI port used for thick coaxial cable (like AUI transceiver cable), BNC port for thin coaxial cable (like BNC cable), and optical port for transceiver (like 10G/25G transceiver). Port Type Based ClassificationsĪccording to different cables connected, four types of NIC ports can be found in the market. In addition, the wireless network card is also a type of NIC card, which is designed for Wi-Fi connection. It has three versions with different data rates and can work together with a variety of devices. USB (Universal Serial Bus) network interface card: USB bus is an external bus standard. Learn more about PCIe network card, read the post: What Is PCIe Card? Everything You Need to Know About PCI Express Card. PCIe NIC card is available in five versions now, and each version supports five types of lanes at different speeds. PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) network card: PCIe is the latest standard and now is popular on computer and server motherboards. In many cases, PCI-X is backward compatible with PCI NIC cards. It operates at 64 bit and is capable of up to 1064 MB/s. PCI-X (Peripheral Component Interconnect eXtended) network card: PCI-X is an enhanced PCI bus technology. As a result, PCI network card has been replaced by other bus interfaces, like PCI-X or USB interface. ![]() Today, most PCs do not have expansion cards, but rather devices integrated into the motherboard. This type of NIC card was first used in servers and later on gradually applied to PCs. It has a fixed width of 32 bit (133MB/s transmission data) and 64 bit (266MB/s transmission data). PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) network card: PCI bus was developed in 1990 to replace the previous ISA standard. Due to the low card speed of 9Mbps, the ISA bus interface now is no longer a recognized type, and it’s hard to find it in today’s stores. ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) network card: ISA bus was developed in 1981, which was a standard bus architecture for IBM compatibles. A wireless NIC card often comes with a small antenna, which uses radio waves to communicate with the access point to get involved in a wireless network. As the name shows, a wired NIC usually has to connect a node onto a network with a cable like Ethernet cable and fiber optic cable. Network Connection Based Classificationsīased on the way a network card accessing the network, there are wired NIC and wireless NIC. ![]() The network interface cards can be classified into different types on the basis of different features like host interface, transmission speed and application fields. This bracket can help users fix the NIC in the expansion slot of a computer or server. One is called the full-height bracket with a length of 12 cm, and the other is the low-profile bracket with a length of 8 cm. Profile bracket: There are two types of profile brackets in the market. LED indicators: Indicators are used to help users to identify the working status of a network card whether the network is connected and data transmitted. ![]() NIC port for cable/transceiver: Usually, this port will connect with an Ethernet cable or transceiver directly, which can generate and receive the electronic signals that are put on the network cable or fiber cable.īus interface: This interface is on the side of the circuit board, which serves for the connection between the NIC and computer or server via being plugged into their expansion slot. Boot ROM allows diskless workstations to connect to the network, increasing security and lowering the cost of hardware. As a core part of a network adapter, the controller directly decides the performance of the network adapter.īoot ROM socket: This socket on the card enables boot ROM capability. Every component of a LAN card has its unique function:Ĭontroller: The controller is like a mini CPU, processing data received. Conventionally, a network adapter mainly consists of a controller, boot ROM socket, one or several NIC ports, a motherboard connection interface, LED indicators, a profile bracket, and some other electronic components.
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